Обнаружен ген агрессивной формы меланомы
24 ноября 2015
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№142, октябрь 2015 Фарма
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Обнаружен ген агрессивной формы меланомы
Несмотря на то что в меланомных клетках обнаруживается множество мутаций, лишь некоторые из них действительно запускают опухолевый процесс. Ученые из Научного института Вейцмана (Weizmann Institute of Science, Израиль) выяснили, какой из генов ответственен за развитие одной из наиболее смертельных форм заболевания.
Речь идет о гене RASA2. Он является опухолевым супрессором, и его мутации характерны для 5,4 % меланом. Подавление экспрессии этого гена приводит к снижению выживаемости пациентов. Для того чтобы обнаружить его, Йардена Сэмуэлс (Yardena Samuels) и ее коллеги проанализировали более 500 геномов и экзомов (экспрессируемых последовательностей ДНК) пациентов, больных меланомой.
Авторы выяснили, что продукт этого гена влияет на онкобелок RAS, способный вызвать неконтролируемый рост клеток. Восстановление работы RASA2 ингибировало клеточный рост и приводило к гибели клеток опухоли. Исследователи надеются, что вскоре появятся новые препараты, избирательно действующие на RASA2, что поможет бороться с наиболее агрессивной формой меланомы.
Катрен Стиль
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