Сотни препаратов подавляют микрофлору кишечника, не будучи антибиотиками
27 марта 2018
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№170, март 2018
3345 просмотров
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Сотни препаратов подавляют микрофлору кишечника, не будучи антибиотиками
Ученые из Берлинского университета имени Гумбольдта (Humboldt University of Berlin) обнаружили, что распространенные препараты, не являющиеся антибактериальными, обладают побочным действием на бактерии кишечника, схожим с действием антибиотиков. Результаты работы опубликованы в журнале Nature 19 марта.
Кишечник человека заселен бактериями различных видов, образующими в совокупности индивидуальный уникальный микробиом. Ранее ученые в своих исследованиях уже показывали влияние ряда не антибактериальных препаратов на баланс микроорганизмов в микробиоме. В частности, речь шла о метформине, используемом для лечения диабета, некоторых ингибиторах протонной помпы (омепразол, эзомепразол и др.) и нестероидных противовоспалительных средствах (напроксен, кеторолак и др.). Однако до сих пор было неясно, насколько сильно распространено это явление.
В своей работе немецкие исследователи проанализировали действие более 1000 лекарственных средств всех основных терапевтических групп на 40 распространенных бактериальных штаммов, заселяющих кишечник. Из них 923 препарата не являлись антибиотиками (например, имидазол, кломифен и др.).
Результаты показали, что 27 % препаратов из самых разных терапевтических классов ингибировали рост по меньшей мере одного штамма кишечной бактерии in vitro. В частности, особо выделялась группа антипсихотических препаратов (например, бензодиазепинов), отличающихся разнообразием своей химической природы.
Авторы работы отмечают, что число лекарственных средств, обладающих таким побочным действием, вероятно, еще больше. Подобное влияние может быть нежелательным или, наоборот, — опосредовать терапевтическое действие препарата. Кроме этого, результаты означают, что применение различных лекарств не антибактериальной природы может способствовать развитию резистентности микроорганизмов.
Катрен Стиль
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