Катрен Стиль
Экспериментальная вакцина от ВИЧ показала первые результаты испытаний
Первая стадия клинических испытаний вакцины от вируса иммунодефицита, разработанной международной коллегией ученых, продемонстрировала безопасность ее применения для человека, а также возможность вызывать иммунный ответ на антигены ВИЧ. Статья с результатами исследования опубликована 6 июля в журнале Lancet.
Одна из проблем создания вакцины от ВИЧ состоит в большом количестве штаммов вируса, которые препятствуют созданию одного препарата, способного противостоять им всем. Для решения этой задачи ученые из ассоциации «Международная инициатива по разработке вакцины от ВИЧ» (International AIDS Vaccine Initiative) создали так называемую «мозаичную» вакцину, включающую в себя фрагменты вирусных белков, характерных для основных штаммов ВИЧ.
Результаты плацебо-контролируемых испытаний, прошедших на 393 добровольцах в медицинских центрах Африки, Таиланда и США, показали отсутствие значительных побочных эффектов при ее применении. Всего ученые опробовали семь вариантов вакцинации (в зависимости от концентрации вирусных белков), из которых один был признан самым перспективным. Речь идет о вакцинации с высокой дозой белка gp140 (белок оболочки ВИЧ).
Защитные свойства вакцины параллельно испытывали на животных. Обезьяны вида макака-резус были вакцинированы, а после инфицированы вирусом SHIV (simian-human immunodeficiency virus). В результате у 67 % макак развития инфекции не наблюдалось.
Сейчас ученые готовятся перейти ко второй стадии клинических испытаний, в которой примут участие свыше 2600 женщин из Южной Африки, находящихся в зоне риска заражения ВИЧ.
Кроме создания вакцины от ВИЧ, ученые также работают над другими методами защиты от вируса. В сентябре 2017 года американские исследователи провели испытания специально синтезированного антитела для борьбы в вирусом иммунодефицита.
11 июля 2018
Фото: www.istockphoto.com
Выпуск: №174, июль 20183214 просмотров
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