Опубликованы данные об устойчивости бактерий к антибиотикам в российских больницах
31 мая 2018
Выпуск:
№172, май 2018
2587 просмотров
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Опубликованы данные об устойчивости бактерий к антибиотикам в российских больницах
Фармацевтическая компания GlaxoSmithKline совместно с российскими учеными представила результаты мониторинга развития у бактерий Streptococcus pneumoniae (пневмококк) и Haemophilus influenzae (гемофильная палочка) устойчивости к существующим антибиотикам в России. Данные были опубликованы в журнале Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 11 апреля.
Всего было проанализировано по 279 штаммов каждой из бактерий. Сбор материала и анализ данных проводился в 2014–2016 годах. В России в исследовании принимали участие НИИ Антимикробной химиотерапии ГОУ ВПО СГМУ (Смоленск), ФГБУ «Детский научно-клинический центр ФМБА России» (Санкт-Петербург) и ФГАУ «Национальный научно-практический центр здоровья детей» МЗ РФ (Москва). Эти организации, в частности, занимались сбором образцов в российских больницах и отправкой их в Швейцарию на итоговое исследование.
Результаты исследования показали, что изо всех представленных образцов, собранных в российских больницах, 36 % обладали устойчивостью к пенициллину даже в больших дозах. При этом бактерии S. Pneumoniae в 31 % случаев не реагировали на антибиотики группы макролидов. Самую низкую же чувствительность к эритромицину и кларитромицину продемонстрировала H. Influenzae — не более 53 %.
Для сравнения, в больницах Греции восприимчивость гемофильной палочки к макролидам фиксировалась в 38,5 % случаев, а в чешских — в 62,9 % случаев.
Напомним, что пневмококк и гемофильная палочка входят в список 12 бактерий, представляющих наибольшую угрозу для здоровья человека, составленный Всемирной организацией здравоохранения. В него включены бактерии, которые уже полностью или частично выработали устойчивость к применяемым в настоящее время антибиотикам. По данным ВОЗ, в 2016–2017 годах более 500 000 пациентов с бактериальными инфекциями столкнулись с резистентностью возбудителей к назначенным препаратам.
Ранее ученые, благодаря изучению мутации генов на восприимчивость к полимиксинам, смогли определить первоисточник устойчивых к антибиотикам бактерий.
Катрен Стиль
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